At-Sea Associations in Foraging Little Penguins

被引：27

作者：

Berlincourt, Maud ^{[1
]}

Arnould, John P. Y. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Deakin Univ, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Burwood, Vic, Australia

来源：

PLOS ONE | 2014年 / 9卷 / 08期

关键词：

EUDYPTULA-MINOR; DIVING BEHAVIOR; ADELIE PENGUINS; BASS STRAIT; GROUP-SIZE; PREDATION; RISK;

D O I：

10.1371/journal.pone.0105065

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Prey distribution, patch size, and the presence of conspecifics are important factors influencing a predator's feeding tactics, including the decision to feed individually or socially. Little is known about group behaviour in seabirds as they spend most of their lives in the marine environment where it is difficult to observe their foraging activities. In this study, we report on at-sea foraging associations of little penguins (Eudyptula minor) during the breeding season. Individuals could be categorised as (1) not associating; (2) associating when departing from and/or returning to the colony; or (3) at sea when travelling, diving or performing synchronised dives. Out of 84 separate foraging tracks, 58 (69.0%) involved associations with conspecifics. Furthermore, in a total of 39 (46.4%), individuals were found to dive during association and in 32 (38.1%), individuals were found to exhibit synchronous diving. These behaviours suggest little penguins forage in groups, could synchronise their underwater movements and potentially cooperate to concentrate their small schooling prey.

引用

页数：6

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