Phthalate exposure, even below US EPA reference doses, was associated with semen quality and reproductive hormones: Prospective MARHCS study in general population

被引：53

作者：

Chen, Qing ^{[1
]}

Yang, Huan ^{[1
]}

Zhou, Niya ^{[1
]}

Sun, Lei ^{[1
]}

Bao, Huaqiong ^{[2
]}

Tan, Lu ^{[1
]}

Chen, Hongqiang ^{[1
]}

Ling, Xi ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Guowei ^{[1
]}

Huang, Linping ^{[1
]}

Li, Lianbing ^{[2
]}

Ma, Mingfu ^{[2
]}

Yang, Hao ^{[2
]}

Wang, Xiaogang ^{[1
]}

Zou, Peng ^{[1
]}

Peng, Kaige ^{[1
]}

Liu, Taixiu ^{[1
]}

Shi, Xiefei ^{[3
]}

Feng, Dejian ^{[3
]}

Zhou, Ziyuan ^{[4
]}

Ao, Lin ^{[1
]}

Cui, Zhihong ^{[1
]}

Cao, Jia ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Third Mil Med Univ, Coll Prevent Med, Inst Toxicol, Minist Educ China,Key Lab Med Protect Electromagn, Gaotanyan St 30, Chongqing 400038, Peoples R China

[2] Chongqing Inst Sci & Technol Populat & Family Pla, Yangheercun 5, Chongqing 401147, Peoples R China

[3] Natl Inst Measurement & Testing Technol, Yushuang St 10, Chengdu 610021, Sichuan, Peoples R China

[4] Third Mil Med Univ, Coll Prevent Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Gaotanyan St 30, Chongqing 400038, Peoples R China

来源：

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL | 2017年 / 104卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Phthalate; Reference dose; Semen; Sperm; Male reproduction; Reproductive hormone; MONO-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; SERTOLI-CELLS; METABOLITES; PARAMETERS; MEN; STEROIDOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; BIOMARKERS; GROWTH; ESTERS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.envint.2017.04.005

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Background: Environment-Protection-Agency Reference Doses (EPA RfDs) for phthalate intakes are based on limited evidence, especially regarding low-dose male-reproductive toxicity. This study investigates the association between phthalate exposure and semen parameters and reproductive hormones in a general population with low phthalate exposure compared to the EPA RfDs. Methods: TheMARHCS (Male-Reproductive-Health-in-Chongqing-College-Students) cohort recruited 796 male students, who experienced a relocation of campuses and shifting environmental exposure. Urine, semen and blood before and after the relocation was collected and investigated for: (1) the associations between 13 urinary phthalate metabolites and 11 semen/hormone outcomes (five semen parameters including semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm number, progressive motility, normal morphology) and six serum reproductive hormones including estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, progesterone, testosterone; (2) re-analysis of the metabolite-outcome associations in the subjects with estimated phthalate intakes below the RfDs; (3) a change in phthalate metabolites and change in semen/hormone outcomes after the relocation; (4) the association between these changes. Results: (1) All but two semen/hormone outcomes were associated with at least one phthalate metabolite, e.g., each quartile monoethyl phthalate was associated with a 5.3%, 5.7% and 2.6% decrease of sperm concentration, total sperm number and progressive motility respectively. (2) In the subjects with phthalate intakes below the RfDs, these metabolite-outcome associations remained significant. (3) All metabolites except mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate declined after relocation (P < 0.001 respectively); at the same time, semen volume, normal morphology, estradiol and luteinizing hormone increased (by 5.9%, 25.0%, 34.2% and 10.0%) and testosterone decreased (by 7.0%). (4) The changes in semen volume, normal morphology, estradiol and testosterone, but not the change in luteinizing hormone after relocation, were associated with the changes in the phthalate metabolites. Conclusions: Phthalate exposure is associated with interrupted semen quality and reproductive hormones in the human population even with a dose given below the RfDs. These effects, however, may only partially revert back when exposure decreases, thus emphasizing the urgency of stricter phthalate administration.

引用

页码：58 / 68

页数：11

共 52 条

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