A Liquid-Metal-Elastomer Nanocomposite for Stretchable Dielectric Materials

被引:239
作者
Pan, Chengfeng [1 ,2 ]
Markvicka, Eric J. [1 ,3 ,6 ]
Malakooti, Mohammad H. [1 ,2 ]
Yan, Jiajun [4 ,7 ]
Hu, Leiming [2 ]
Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof [4 ]
Majidi, Carmel [1 ,2 ,3 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Integrated Soft Mat Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[2] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[3] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Robot Inst, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[4] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[5] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[6] Univ Nebraska, Mech & Mat Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
[7] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
dielectric elastomer actuators; dielectric elastomer generators; liquid-metal nanodroplets; liquid-metal-elastomer nanocomposites; stretchable dielectric materials; ENERGY DENSITY; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; COMPOSITES; TRANSPARENT; POLYURETHANE; INCLUSION; SENSORS; FIBERS; FILMS;
D O I
10.1002/adma.201900663
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Stretchable high-dielectric-constant materials are crucial for electronic applications in emerging domains such as wearable computing and soft robotics. While previous efforts have shown promising materials architectures in the form of dielectric nano-/microinclusions embedded in stretchable matrices, the limited mechanical compliance of these materials significantly limits their practical application as soft energy-harvesting/storage transducers and actuators. Here, a class of liquid metal (LM)-elastomer nanocomposites is presented with elastic and dielectric properties that make them uniquely suited for applications in soft-matter engineering. In particular, the role of droplet size is examined and it is found that embedding an elastomer with a polydisperse distribution of nanoscale LM inclusions can enhance its electrical permittivity without significantly degrading its elastic compliance, stretchability, or dielectric breakdown strength. In contrast, elastomers embedded with microscale droplets exhibit similar improvements in permittivity but a dramatic reduction in breakdown strength. The unique enabling properties and practicality of LM-elastomer nanocomposites for use in soft machines and electronics is demonstrated through enhancements in performance of a dielectric elastomer actuator and energy-harvesting transducer.
引用
收藏
页数:10
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