A prospective study of endogenous serum hormone concentrations and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women on the island of Guernsey

The associations between serum concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women were investigated in a prospective study of breast cancer on the island of Guernsey, Sixty-two women diagnosed with breast cancer an average of 8 years subsequent to blood collection were matched for day of menstrual cycle, age and year of blood collection with 182 control subjects. Cases had a 12% higher mean oestradiol concentration over the whole menstrual cycle (P=0.17) with a large difference at mid-cycle (75% higher, P=0.04). Differences between Cases and control subjects in progesterone (luteal phase), testosterone and SHBG were small and not statistically significant: luteal phase progesterone 9% lower in cases, P=0.64; testosterone 4% higher, P=0.57; SHBG 8% higher, P=0.24. The small difference in oestradiol concentration could be aetiologically important, but larger prospective studies are needed.