Antifibrotic activity of anisodamine in vivo is associated with changed intrahepatic levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and its inhibitor tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-2 and transforming growth factor β1 in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury

To investigate the protective effects and the mechanism of anisodamine on deposition of extracellular matrix in experimental liver fibrosis. Experimental liver fibrosis was produced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL4). The preventive group was treated for 10 weeks with anisodamine 7.0 mg/kg per day i.p. injection. Two therapeutic groups were treated for 6 weeks by anisodamine 7.0 or 14.0 mg/kg per day i.p. injection. Studies were made at CCL4 administration on the 10th weekend. Serum biochemical indices and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyproline (HYP) in livers were compared. The expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) was observed by immunohistochemistry. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP2) mRNA in livers and the ratio of MMP2 and TIMP2 was measured. The proteins of MMP2 in liver were determined by gelatin zymography. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and hyaluronic acid of liver fibrosis rats improved significantly by treatment with anisodamine. The contents of MDA and HYP in liver decreased and the expressions of TGF-beta 1 were inhibited by treatment with anisodamine. The levels of MMP2 and TIMP2 mRNA and the protein of MMP2 in livers were significantly reduced in the anisodamine preventive group and therapeutic groups. The expression ratios of MMP2 and TIMP2 mRNA were adjusted in treated groups. Anisodamine can inhibit hepatic fibrosis.