Linking pre- and proto-stellar objects in the intermediate-/high-mass star forming region IRAS 05345+3157

被引:25
作者
Fontani, F. [1 ,2 ]
Zhang, Q. [3 ]
Caselli, P. [4 ]
Bourke, T. L. [3 ]
机构
[1] ISDC, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
[2] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneva, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland
[3] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[4] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
来源
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2009年 / 499卷 / 01期
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
stars: formation; ISM: molecules; ULTRACOMPACT HII-REGIONS; PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; EVOLUTIONARY STATUS; INITIAL CONDITIONS; TEMPERATURE PROBE; MOLECULAR-IONS; GAS EMISSION; CORES; MILLIMETER; SEARCH;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/200911617
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Context. To better understand the initial conditions of the high-mass star formation process, it is crucial to study at high angular resolution the morphology, the kinematics, and the interactions of the coldest condensations associated with intermediate-/high-mass star forming regions. Aims. This paper studies the cold condensations in the intermediate-/high-mass proto-cluster IRAS 05345+ 3157, focusing on the interaction with the other objects in the cluster. Methods. We performed millimeter high-angular resolution observations, both in the continuum and several molecular lines, with the PdBI and the SMA. In a recent paper, we published part of these data. The main finding of that work was the detection of two cold and dense gaseous condensations, called N and S (masses similar to 2 and similar to 9M(circle dot)), characterised by high values of deuterium fractionation (similar to 0.1 in both cores) obtained from the column density ratio N(N2D+)/N(N2H+). In this paper, we present a full report of the observations, and a complete analysis of the data obtained. Results. The millimeter maps reveal the presence of 3 cores inside the interferometer primary beam, called C1-a, C1-b and C2. None of them are associated with cores N and S. C1-b is very likely associated with a newly formed early-B ZAMS star embedded inside a hot core, while C1-a is more likely associated with a class 0 intermediate-mass protostar. The nature of C2 is unclear. Both C1-a and C1-b are good candidates as driving sources of a powerful (CO)-C-12 outflow, which strongly interacts with N, as demonstrated by the velocity gradient of the gas along this condensation. The N2H+ linewidths are between similar to 1 and 2 kms(-1) in the region where the continuum cores are located, and smaller (similar to 0.5 - 1.5 km s(-1)) towards N and S, indicating that the gas in the deuterated condensations is more quiescent than that associated with the continuum sources. This is consistent with the fact that they are still in the pre-stellar phase and hence the star formation process has not yet taken place there. Conclusions. The study of the gas kinematics across the source indicates a tight interaction between deuterated condensations and the sources embedded in millimeter cores. For the nature of N and S, we propose two scenarios: they can be low-mass pre-stellar condensations or "seeds" of future high-mass star(s). However, from these data it is not possible to establish how the turbulence triggered by the neghbouring cluster of protostars can influence the evolution of the condensations.
引用
收藏
页码:233 / 247
页数:15
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