Effect of fish size and temperature on the utilization of different protein sources in two catfish species

Two sets of feeding trial were conducted to determine the effect of size and temperature on the utilization of different protein sources in two catfish species. In both the experiments, the fish were fed to apparent satiation daily at 08.00 and 18.00 hours, and faecal matter collected through slow siphoning. The first experiment was designed to study the effect of fish size on apparent digestibility coefficients for plant and animal proteins in the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Three size classes (105-109 g; 780-830 g; 1250- 1300 g) of fish were stocked in triplicate sets of 600-L plastic pools fitted with a flow-through system (2 L min(-1) ). Within each size class, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) for protein varied significantly with the source and quality of protein used. Soybean meal and fishmeal protein were utilized with greater efficiency, whereas rice bran protein was least digestible. An increase in ADC protein was apparent with increase in fish size for high protein sources such as soybean meal, full-fat soybean, laboratory-prepared fishmeal, steam-cooked brown fishmeal and dried fish. ADC protein for other ingredients decreased with increase in size. In the second experiment, the influence of varying temperature on ADC for protein was determined in the catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) (6-8 g). Triplicate groups of 25 fish were kept at three different ambient temperatures (18, 28 and 38 degreesC), in 70-L polyvinyl indoor flow-through (1-1.5 L min(-1) ) circular tanks (water volume = 55 L). The trend in utilization of protein from different sources remained similar at the three temperatures. For each ingredient, digestibility values obtained at 18 degreesC were significantly lower than those obtained at 28 degreesC and 38 degreesC. Optimal protein utilization in H. fossilis was measured at 28 degreesC.