Effects of platelet growth factors on human mesenchymal stem cells and human endothelial cells in vitro

The aim of the present in vitro study has been to investigate the effects of a enriched platelet derived growth factors on proliferation and migration of human endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells and on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Platelet rich plasma has been produced, yielding a four time higher number of thrombocytes than normal plasma. Degranulation of platelets has been performed by means of calcium and thrombin. Plasma has served as a control, whereas plasma in combination with calcium and thrombin was used to distinguish the difference between calcium and/or thrombin mediated effects and growth factor induced effects on the cells. The observed enhanced proliferation and migration of endothelial cells towards the platelet derived growth factors was driven by the plasma component of these preparations. However PDGF solely stimulated the migration and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. The increased osteogenic differentiation of growth factor treated mesenchymal stem cells was mostly driven by the high level 4 calcium used for the platelets degranulation. In summery, the different components of platelet derived growth factors work together to influence human endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells. This is of special clinically interest regarding the stimulation of bone healing in orthopaedic and traumatic surgery.