Effects of Moisture Content and Impact Energy on the Cracking Characteristics of Walnuts

被引:11
作者
Shahbazi, Feizollah [1 ]
机构
[1] Lorestan Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Agr Machinery, Khorramabad, Iran
关键词
Persian walnut; cracking characteristics; centrifugal impact cracker; moisture content;
D O I
10.1515/ijfe-2012-0168
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
A study was conducted to determine the effects of moisture content and energy of impact on the cracking characteristics of walnuts. A sample of fresh harvested walnuts was divided into four portions and conditioned under sunshine for different time durations to obtain different levels of moisture content [9.2-29.7%, wet basis (w. b.)]. An impact test apparatus was used to apply different impact energies in the range of 0.13-1.11 J to samples with different moisture content. Data obtained on the quantity of fully cracked and unbroken kernel, fully cracked but broken kernel and uncracked nuts were used in the computation of the nuts cracking characteristics. Results showed that moisture content, impact energy and interaction effects of these two variables have significant effect on the walnuts cracking characteristics. Full cracking of nuts increased with impact energy and decreasing moisture content. The optimum moisture content for cracking walnuts that gave the best result combination of high whole kernel yield and low kernel breakage was found to be about 16%. The optimum impact energy for cracking was found to be about 1.01 J (1.01 +/- 0.1 J). The results of this study show that development of a centrifugal impact cracker, which uses impact to crack walnuts, is possible. In the designing of the walnut cracker, the radius and speed of the cracker should be such that create impact energy and velocity of about 1.01 J and 11 m/s, respectively, and walnuts should be conditioned to the moisture content of about 16% for optimum efficiency.
引用
收藏
页码:149 / 156
页数:8
相关论文
共 26 条
[1]  
Adigun Y. J., 1993, P NIGERIAN SOC AGR E, V15, P128
[2]  
Akani A. O., 2000, P NIGERIAN I AGR ENG, V22, P87
[3]   The Effects of Moisture Content, Compression Speeds, and Axes on Mechanical Properties of Walnut Cultivars [J].
Altuntas, Ebubekir ;
Erkol, Mehmet .
FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY, 2011, 4 (07) :1288-1295
[4]  
Asoegwu S. N., 1995, International Agrophysics, V9, P131
[5]   Physical properties of guna seeds [J].
Aviara, NA ;
Gwandzang, MI ;
Haque, MA .
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH, 1999, 73 (02) :105-111
[6]  
Borghei AM, 2000, P EUR AGR ENG C WARW
[7]   Acute effects of high-fat meals enriched with walnuts or olive oil on postprandial endothelial function [J].
Cortes, Berenice ;
Nunez, Isabel ;
Cofan, Montserrat ;
Gilabert, Rosa ;
Perez-Heras, Ana ;
Casals, Elena ;
Deulofeu, Ramon ;
Ros, Emilio .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 2006, 48 (08) :1666-1671
[8]   Study on some morphological and physical attributes of walnut used in mass models [J].
Ebrahimi, A. ;
Zarei, A. ;
Fatahi, R. ;
Varnamkhasti, M. Ghasemi .
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE, 2009, 121 (04) :490-494
[9]  
Ebubekir A, 2008, INT J FOOD ENG, V4
[10]  
Figiel A, 2008, ACTA AGROPHYSICA, V11, P71