Morphological novelty emerges from pre-existing phenotypic plasticity

被引:101
作者
Levis, Nicholas A. [1 ]
Isdaner, Andrew J. [1 ]
Pfennig, David W. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
来源
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION | 2018年 / 2卷 / 08期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
DEVELOPMENTAL PLASTICITY; ECOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITY; CHARACTER DISPLACEMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; EVOLUTION; COMPETITION; DIVERSIFICATION; SPECIALIZATION; ACCOMMODATION; POLYPHENISM;
D O I
10.1038/s41559-018-0601-8
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Plasticity-first evolution (PFE) posits that novel features arise when selection refines pre-existing phenotypic plasticity into an adaptive phenotype. However, PFE is controversial because few tests have been conducted in natural populations. Here we present evidence that PFE fostered the origin of an evolutionary novelty that allowed certain amphibians to invade a new nichea distinctive carnivore morph. We compared morphology, gene expression and growth of three species of spadefoot toad tadpoles when reared on alternative diets: Scaphiopus holbrookii, which (like most frogs) never produce carnivores; Spea multiplicata, which sometimes produce carnivores, but only through diet-induced plasticity; and Spea bombifrons, which often produce carnivores regardless of diet. Consistent with PFE, we found diet-induced plasticityin morphology and gene expressionin Sc. holbrookii, adaptive refinement of this plasticity in Sp. multiplicata, and further refinement of the carnivore phenotype in Sp. bombifrons. Generally, phenotypic plasticity might play a significant, if underappreciated, role in evolutionary innovation.
引用
收藏
页码:1289 / 1297
页数:9
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