Analysis of photonic band gap in photonic crystal with epsilon negative and double negative materials

The transmission properties of one-dimensional binary and ternary photonic crystals are theoretically investigated using transfer matrix method. The binary structure is composed of alternate layers of epsilon-negative and double-negative materials. The photonic band gap is analyzed by changing the permeability of epsilon negative material. It is found that the width of the photonic band gap increases with the increase of the permeability of epsilon negative material. It is also analyzed by varying the ratio of the plasma frequency to the resonance frequency in both materials. The width of the band gap increases with the increase of this ratio. A wider band gap of width 10.8 GHz can be achieved in ternary structures which contain an additional epsilon negative layer. It can be utilized in the microwave bands of X band, a portion of C band and Ku band as a double negative medium. A special kind of photonic band gap is found in both the binary and ternary structures.