Changes in cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in pregnant Japanese women-A 10-year single center study

Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes congenital infections during pregnancy, and seroepidemiological data are important for estimating the risk of infection. However, only a few reports of CMV seroprevalence exist for pregnant Japanese women. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess CMV seroprevalence in pregnant Japanese women. Study design: This cross-sectional study involved pregnant Japanese women who delivered from 2003 to 2012 at our hospital (n = 15,616). Among these women, 14,099 (90.3%) underwent tests for the presence of CMV IgG. Those with an equivocal test result were excluded (n = 195) from this analysis, leaving a study sample of 13,904 Japanese pregnant women. The prevalence of CMV IgG was also assessed by calendar year, age, and parity. Results: The overall CMV IgG prevalence rate was 66.0%. CMV IgG prevalence significantly decreased over the course of 10 years from 2003 to 2012 (from 69.9% in 2003 to 65.2% in 2012) (p < 0.001). Adjusted odds ratios for CMV IgG positivity in women aged < 25, 25-30, 35-40, and > 40 years were 1.66 (95% CI: 1.25-2.20), 1.20 (95% CI: 1.07-1.35), 1.16 (95% CI: 1.07-1.26), and 1.44 (95% CI: 1.28-1.62), respectively, compared to women aged 30-35 years. Adjusted odds ratios for CMV IgG positivity for a parity of 1, 2, and = 3 were 1.14 (95% CI: 1.06-1.23), 1.52 (95% CI: 1.32-1.77), and 2.54 (95% CI: 2.69-3.84), respectively, compared to nulliparous women. Conclusion: We found that 34% of pregnant Japanese women were susceptible to CMV infection. Calendar year, maternal age, and parity were significantly associated with changes in CMV seroprevalence among this population. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.