Integrated foraminifera and δ13C stratigraphy across the Cenomanian-Turonian event interval in the eastern Baltic (Lithuania)

The Cenomanian-Turonian transition marks one of the most important extinction episodes of the Mesozoic era. This extinction event was associated with the development of widespread oceanic anoxia and pronounced stable carbon isotopic excursion. Despite its importance, the effects of the perturbation on higher latitude biotas, and from the Baltic region in particular, are currently underexplored. Therefore, in this contribution we present the fossil record of a foraminifera succession integrated with delta C-13 trends from two deep cores: BliA << dsukiai-19 from western Lithuania and BaltaikAu-267 from southern Lithuania. Two foraminiferal zones were distinguished: Rotalipora cushmani from the upper Cenomanian and Whiteinella archaeocretacea from the boundary strata between the Cenomanian and Turonian in the BaltaikAu-267 core section, and a W. archaeocretacea Zone in the BliA << dsukiai-19 core section. A chemostratigraphical analysis of the stable carbon isotopes revealed a positive Cenomanian-Turonian delta C-13 anomaly, with maximum values reaching 3.57aEuro degrees in the upper part of the BliA << dsukiai-19 core section. A non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis of the foraminifera communities revealed that the major changes in their assemblages were strongly temporally organized and associated with the changes in the stable carbon isotopic ratios. This fact points to the significant effects of the C-T extinction event on the northern Neotethys paleocommunities.