MOMBA 1.1-a high-resolution Baltic Sea configuration of GFDL's Modular Ocean Model

We present a new coupled ocean-circulation-ice model configuration of the Baltic Sea. The model features, contrary to most existing configurations, a high horizontal resolution of approximate to 1 nautical mile (approximate to 1.85 km), which is eddy-resolving over much of the domain. The vertical discretisation comprises a total of 47 vertical levels. Results from a 1987 to 1999 hindcast simulation show that the model's fidelity is competitive. As suggested by a comparison with sea surface temperatures observed from space, this applies especially to near-surface processes. Hence, the configuration is well suited to serve as a nucleus of a fully fledged coupled ocean-circulation-biogeochemical model (which is yet to be developed). A caveat is that the model fails to reproduce major inflow events. We trace this back to spurious vertical circulation patterns at the sills which may well be endemic to high-resolution models based on geopotential coordinates. Further, we present indications that - so far neglected - eddy/wind effects exert significant control on wind-induced up-and downwelling.