EVALUATION OF COLOUR CHANGES, SURVIVAL RATE AND LIFE SPAN OF THE CONFUSED SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus mutilatus) (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)

This study conducted in a rearing room (RR) (300-410 ppm) and in an open roof ventilation greenhouse system (ORVS) (800-950 ppm). No changes observed on Carpophilus mutilatus colouration after treatment in the ORVS. The survival rate increased from 61.59% in the F1 to 73.05% in the F2 generation reared in the RR. However, a sharp decline was observed from 27.05% in F1 to 1.5% in F2 in the ORVS. There was significant difference in number of individuals between RR and ORVS in Fl and F2 (F 12.76 p= 0.001< 0.05). The life span of F1 and F2 in the RR took about 46 days to complete; 7-21 days from adult to larvae stage, 5-15 days from the larval to pupal stage and 3-10 days from adult to pupal stage. Whereas in ORVS, F1 and F2 took about 30 and 22 days, respectively to complete their life cycles; that is 7-14, 7-14 days (adult to larval stage), 5-10, 0-5 days (larval to pupal stage) and 3-6, 0-3 days (pupal to adult stage), respectively. These data can be used to describe the changes in C. mutilatus due to global warming effects, as CO2 could be one of the main factors affecting the growth and development.