A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

被引：400

作者：

Grotzinger, J. P. ^{[1
]}

Sumner, D. Y. ^{[2
]}

Kah, L. C. ^{[3
]}

Stack, K. ^{[1
]}

Gupta, S. ^{[4
]}

Edgar, L. ^{[5
]}

Rubin, D. ^{[6
]}

Lewis, K. ^{[7
]}

Schieber, J. ^{[8
]}

Mangold, N. ^{[9
,10
]}

Milliken, R. ^{[11
]}

Conrad, P. G. ^{[12
]}

DesMarais, D. ^{[13
]}

Farmer, J. ^{[5
]}

Siebach, K. ^{[1
]}

Calef, F., III ^{[14
]}

Hurowitz, J. ^{[15
]}

McLennan, S. M. ^{[15
]}

Ming, D. ^{[16
]}

Vaniman, D. ^{[17
]}

Crisp, J. ^{[14
]}

Vasavada, A. ^{[14
]}

Edgett, K. S. ^{[18
]}

Malin, M. ^{[18
]}

Blake, D. ^{[13
]}

Gellert, R. ^{[19
]}

Mahaffy, P. ^{[12
]}

Wiens, R. C. ^{[20
]}

Maurice, S. ^{[21
]}

Grant, J. A. ^{[22
]}

Wilson, S. ^{[22
]}

Anderson, R. C. ^{[14
]}

Beegle, L. ^{[14
]}

Arvidson, R. ^{[23
]}

Hallet, B. ^{[24
]}

Sletten, R. S. ^{[24
]}

Rice, M. ^{[1
]}

Bell, J., III ^{[5
]}

Griffes, J. ^{[1
]}

Ehlmann, B. ^{[1
,14
]}

Anderson, R. B. ^{[25
]}

Bristow, T. F. ^{[13
]}

Dietrich, W. E. ^{[26
]}

Dromart, G. ^{[27
]}

Eigenbrode, J. ^{[12
]}

Fraeman, A. ^{[23
]}

Hardgrove, C. ^{[18
]}

Herkenhoff, K. ^{[25
]}

Jandura, L. ^{[14
]}

Kocurek, G. ^{[28
]}

机构：

[1] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[2] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[3] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA

[4] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England

[5] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA

[6] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA

[7] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

[8] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA

[9] LPGN CNRS UMR6112, LPGN, F-44322 Nantes, France

[10] Univ Nantes, F-44322 Nantes, France

[11] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[12] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[13] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Dept Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA

[14] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA

[15] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[16] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Jacobs Technol, Houston, TX 77058 USA

[17] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA

[18] Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA

[19] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada

[20] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA

[21] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France

[22] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA

[23] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[24] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[25] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA

[26] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[27] Univ Lyon, Lab Geol Lyon, F-69364 Lyon, France

[28] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[29] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Sch Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA

[30] Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ J3Y 8Y9, Canada

[31] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA

[32] Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA

[33] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[34] Brock Univ, Dept Earth Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada

[35] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[36] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA

[37] MIT, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[38] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2014年 / 343卷 / 6169期

关键词：

SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; WATER ACTIVITY; LIFE; BASIN; HYDROGEN; DEPOSITS; ORIGIN; SOIL; DUST;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1242777

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The Curiosity rover discovered fine-grained sedimentary rocks, which are inferred to represent an ancient lake and preserve evidence of an environment that would have been suited to support a martian biosphere founded on chemolithoautotrophy. This aqueous environment was characterized by neutral pH, low salinity, and variable redox states of both iron and sulfur species. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus were measured directly as key biogenic elements; by inference, phosphorus is assumed to have been available. The environment probably had a minimum duration of hundreds to tens of thousands of years. These results highlight the biological viability of fluvial-lacustrine environments in the post-Noachian history of Mars.

引用

页数：14

共 90 条

[51] Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars [J].

Meslin, P-Y. ;

Gasnault, O. ;

Forni, O. ;

Schroeder, S. ;

Cousin, A. ;

Berger, G. ;

Clegg, S. M. ;

Lasue, J. ;

Maurice, S. ;

Sautter, V. ;

Le Mouelic, S. ;

Wiens, R. C. ;

Fabre, C. ;

Goetz, W. ;

Bish, D. ;

Mangold, N. ;

Ehlmann, B. ;

Lanza, N. ;

Harri, A-M. ;

Anderson, R. ;

Rampe, E. ;

McConnochie, T. H. ;

Pinet, P. ;

Blaney, D. ;

Leveille, R. ;

Archer, D. ;

Barraclough, B. ;

Bender, S. ;

Blake, D. ;

Blank, J. G. ;

Bridges, N. ;

Clark, B. C. ;

DeFlores, L. ;

Delapp, D. ;

Dromart, G. ;

Dyar, M. D. ;

Fisk, M. ;

Gondet, B. ;

Grotzinger, J. ;

Herkenhoff, K. ;

Johnson, J. ;

Lacour, J-L. ;

Langevin, Y. ;

Leshin, L. ;

Lewin, E. ;

Madsen, M. B. ;

Melikechi, N. ;

Mezzacappa, A. ;

Mischna, M. A. ;

Moores, J. E. .

SCIENCE, 2013, 341 (6153)

[52] Opaline silica in young deposits on Mars [J].

Milliken, R. E. ;

Swayze, G. A. ;

Arvidson, R. E. ;

Bishop, J. L. ;

Clark, R. N. ;

Ehlmann, B. L. ;

Green, R. O. ;

Grotzinger, J. P. ;

Morris, R. V. ;

Murchie, S. L. ;

Mustard, J. F. ;

Weitz, C. .

GEOLOGY, 2008, 36 (11) :847-850

[53] Sources and sinks of clay minerals on Mars [J].

Milliken, Ralph E. ;

Bish, David L. .

PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE, 2010, 90 (17-18) :2293-2308

[54] Zoning of phosphorus in igneous olivine [J].

Milman-Barris, Margaret S. ;

Beckett, John R. ;

Baker, Michael B. ;

Hofmann, Amy E. ;

Morgan, Zachary ;

Crowley, Meghan R. ;

Vielzeuf, Daniel ;

Stolper, Edward .

CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 2008, 155 (06) :739-765

[55] Volatile and Organic Compositions of Sedimentary Rocks in Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars [J].

Ming, D. W. ;

Archer, P. D., Jr. ;

Glavin, D. P. ;

Eigenbrode, J. L. ;

Franz, H. B. ;

Sutter, B. ;

Brunner, A. E. ;

Stern, J. C. ;

Freissinet, C. ;

McAdam, A. C. ;

Mahaffy, P. R. ;

Cabane, M. ;

Coll, P. ;

Campbell, J. L. ;

Atreya, S. K. ;

Niles, P. B. ;

Bell, J. F., III ;

Bish, D. L. ;

Brinckerhoff, W. B. ;

Buch, A. ;

Conrad, P. G. ;

Des Marais, D. J. ;

Ehlmann, B. L. ;

Fairen, A. G. ;

Farley, K. ;

Flesch, G. J. ;

Francois, P. ;

Gellert, R. ;

Grant, J. A. ;

Grotzinger, J. P. ;

Gupta, S. ;

Herkenhoff, K. E. ;

Hurowitz, J. A. ;

Leshin, L. A. ;

Lewis, K. W. ;

McLennan, S. M. ;

Miller, K. E. ;

Moersch, J. ;

Morris, R. V. ;

Navarro-Gonzalez, R. ;

Pavlov, A. A. ;

Perrett, G. M. ;

Pradler, I. ;

Squyres, S. W. ;

Summons, R. E. ;

Steele, A. ;

Stolper, E. M. ;

Sumner, D. Y. ;

Szopa, C. ;

Teinturier, S. .

SCIENCE, 2014, 343 (6169)

[56] Mossbauer mineralogy of rock, soil, and dust at Meridiani Planum, Mars:: Opportunity's journey across sulfate-rich outcrop, basaltic sand and dust, and hematite lag deposits [J].

Morris, R. V. ;

Klingelhoefer, G. ;

Schroeder, C. ;

Rodionov, D. S. ;

Yen, A. ;

Ming, D. W. ;

de Souza, P. A., Jr. ;

Wdowiak, T. ;

Fleischer, I. ;

Gellert, R. ;

Bernhardt, B. ;

Bonnes, U. ;

Cohen, B. A. ;

Evlanov, E. N. ;

Foh, J. ;

Guetlich, P. ;

Kankeleit, E. ;

McCoy, T. ;

Mittlefehldt, D. W. ;

Renz, F. ;

Schmidt, M. E. ;

Zubkov, B. ;

Squyres, S. W. ;

Arvidson, R. E. .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 2006, 111 (E12)

[57] Mossbauer mineralogy of rock, soil, and dust at Gusev crater, Mars:: Spirit's journey through weakly altered olivine basalt on the plains and pervasively altered basalt in the Columbia Hills -: art. no. E02S13 [J].

Morris, RV ;

Klingelhöfer, G ;

Schröder, C ;

Rodionov, DS ;

Yen, A ;

Ming, DW ;

de Souza, PA ;

Fleischer, I ;

Wdowiak, T ;

Gellert, R ;

Bernhardt, B ;

Evlanov, EN ;

Zubkov, B ;

Foh, J ;

Bonnes, U ;

Kankeleit, E ;

Gütlich, P ;

Renz, F ;

Squyres, SW ;

Arvidson, RE .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 2006, 111 (E2)

[58] A synthesis of Martian aqueous mineralogy after 1 Mars year of observations from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter [J].

Murchie, Scott L. ;

Mustard, John F. ;

Ehlmann, Bethany L. ;

Milliken, Ralph E. ;

Bishop, Janice L. ;

McKeown, Nancy K. ;

Dobrea, Eldar Z. Noe ;

Seelos, Frank P. ;

Buczkowski, Debra L. ;

Wiseman, Sandra M. ;

Arvidson, Raymond E. ;

Wray, James J. ;

Swayze, Gregg ;

Clark, Roger N. ;

Marais, David J. Des ;

McEwen, Alfred S. ;

Bibring, Jean-Pierre .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 2009, 114

[59] Sediment bacteria: Who's there, what are they doing, and what's new? [J].

Nealson, KH .

ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, 1997, 25 :403-434

[60] Life: past, present and future [J].

Nealson, KH ;

Conrad, PG .

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1999, 354 (1392) :1923-1939

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 →