Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to the sella (EES) for pituitary adenomas has become standard of care because of its promising outcomes, minimal invasiveness, and popularity among surgeons. Three-dimensional (3D) endoscope technology represents the next step in improving visualization and understanding of surgical anatomy, allowing surgeons to mirror the view offered by a traditional 3D microscope. This article discusses the history and development of 3D endoscopes, addresses theoretic advantages and disadvantages of using these devices for EES, reviews recent studies of EES for adenoma outcomes using 3D endoscopes, examines possible implications for neurosurgical training, and discusses personal experience with 3D devices.
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NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
Ahmed, Omar H.
Marcus, Sonya
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NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
Marcus, Sonya
Lebowitz, Richard A.
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NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
Lebowitz, Richard A.
Jacobs, Joseph B.
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NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
NuVasive Inc, 101 Enterprise,Suite 100, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Bae, Sam Y.
Korniski, Ronald J.
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机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Korniski, Ronald J.
Shearn, Michael
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h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Terra Bella Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Shearn, Michael
Manohara, Harish M.
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h-index: 0
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CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Manohara, Harish M.
Shahinian, Hrayr
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h-index: 0
机构:
Skull Base Inst, 8635 West Third St,Suite 1170-W, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
机构:
St Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
St Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Pituitary Disorders Program, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USASt Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
Barkhoudarian, Garni
Becerra Romero, Alicia Del Carmen
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机构:
Hosp Ernesto Dornelles, Dept Neurosurg & Skull Base Surg, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSt Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
Becerra Romero, Alicia Del Carmen
Laws, Edward R.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USASt Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch FMUSP, Dept Neurosurg, Sao Paulo, BrazilCornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Beer-Furlan, Andre
Evins, Alexander I.
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Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Evins, Alexander I.
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Rigante, Luigi
Anichini, Giulio
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Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Anichini, Giulio
Stieg, Philip E.
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Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Stieg, Philip E.
Bernardo, Antonio
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Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
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Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Brown, Seth M.
Tabaee, Abtin
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Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Tabaee, Abtin
Singh, Ameet
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Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Singh, Ameet
Schwartz, Theodore H.
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Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Schwartz, Theodore H.
Anand, Vijay K.
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机构:Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
机构:
NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
Ahmed, Omar H.
Marcus, Sonya
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
Marcus, Sonya
Lebowitz, Richard A.
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h-index: 0
机构:
NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
Lebowitz, Richard A.
Jacobs, Joseph B.
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h-index: 0
机构:
NYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USANYU, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 550 First Ave NBV 5E5, New York, NY 10016 USA
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
NuVasive Inc, 101 Enterprise,Suite 100, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Bae, Sam Y.
Korniski, Ronald J.
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h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Korniski, Ronald J.
Shearn, Michael
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Terra Bella Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Shearn, Michael
Manohara, Harish M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Manohara, Harish M.
Shahinian, Hrayr
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Skull Base Inst, 8635 West Third St,Suite 1170-W, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USACALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
机构:
St Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
St Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Pituitary Disorders Program, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USASt Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
Barkhoudarian, Garni
Becerra Romero, Alicia Del Carmen
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Hosp Ernesto Dornelles, Dept Neurosurg & Skull Base Surg, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSt Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
Becerra Romero, Alicia Del Carmen
Laws, Edward R.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USASt Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Brain Tumor Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch FMUSP, Dept Neurosurg, Sao Paulo, BrazilCornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Beer-Furlan, Andre
Evins, Alexander I.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Evins, Alexander I.
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机构:
Rigante, Luigi
Anichini, Giulio
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Anichini, Giulio
Stieg, Philip E.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Stieg, Philip E.
Bernardo, Antonio
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h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USACornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurol Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Brown, Seth M.
Tabaee, Abtin
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Tabaee, Abtin
Singh, Ameet
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h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Singh, Ameet
Schwartz, Theodore H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, New York, NY USACornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA
Schwartz, Theodore H.
Anand, Vijay K.
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h-index: 0
机构:Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, New York, NY USA