Novel USH2A mutations in Israeli patients with retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome type 2

Objective: To identify USH2A mutations in Israeli patients with autosomal-recessive Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods: Patients from 95 families with RP and 4 with USH2 were clinically evaluated. USH2A exons 2-72 were scanned for mutations using single-strand conformation and sequencing analyses. The frequency of novel missense changes was determined in patients and controls using restriction endonucleases. Results: The analysis revealed 3 USH2A mutations, 2 of which are novel, in 2 families with USH2 and a large family (MOLOO51) with both USH2 and RP. Compound heterozygotes for 2 null mutations (Thr80fs and Arg737stop) in MOLOO51 suffered from USH2 while compound heterozygotes for I of the null mutations and a novel missense mutation (Gly4674Arg) had nonsyndromic RP. Conclusions: Our results support the involvement of USH2A in nonsyndromic RP and we report here of a second, novel, missense mutation in this gene causing autosomal-recessive RP. Clinical Relevance: Possible involvement of USH2A should be considered in the molecular genetic evaluation of patients with autosomal-recessive RP. Understanding the mechanism by which different USH2A mutations cause either USH2 or RP may assist in the development of novel therapeutic approaches.