Rank and Weight Based Protocol for Cluster Head Selection for WSN

With the evolution of wireless sensor network, the interests in their application have increased considerably. The architecture of the system differs with the application requirement and characteristics. Now days there are number of applications in which hierarchal based networks are highly in demand and key concept of such network is clustering. Some of the most well-known hierarchical routing protocols like LEACH, SEP, TEEN, APTEEN and HEED are discussed in brief. These different conventional protocols have diverse strategies to select their cluster head but still have some limitations. Based on the limitations of these conventional models, a new approach has been proposed on the basis of ranks and weights assignment based protocol known as RWBP. This approach considers not only residual energy but also node's degree and distance of nodes with base station. The node which has higher weight will be chosen as a cluster head. The objective of this approach is to have balance distribution of clusters, enhance lifetime and better efficiency than traditional protocols. The same approach is also applied for multi hop clustering i.e. multi hop RWBP in which the sensing field is divided into more number of areas and the area which lie farther from the base station is sending indirectly via intermediate cluster heads to the base station. The simulations are done in MATLAB with the network size 100x100 meters. The results of the proposed approach are resulting in better lifetime and stability region as compared to LEACH and SEP.