Prescribing practices of endocrine therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ in British Columbia

Purpose The mainstay of treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) involves surgery in the form of mastectomy or lumpectomy. Inconsistency in the use of endocrine therapy (et) for DCIS is evident worldwide. We sought to assess the variation in et prescribing for patients with DCIS across a population-based radiotherapy (RT) program and to identify variables that predict its use. Methods Data from a breast cancer database were obtained for women diagnosed with DCIS in British Columbia from 2009 to 2014. Associations between et use and patient characteristics were assessed by chi-square test and multilevel multivariate logistic regression. The Kaplan-Meier method, with propensity score matching and Cox regression analysis, was used to assess the effects of et on overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Results For the 2336 DCIS patients included in the study, et use was 13% in DCIS patients overall, and 17% in patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumours treated with breast-conserving surgery and RT. Significant variation in et use by treatment centre was observed (range: 8%-23%; p < 0.001), and prescription of et by individual oncologists varied in the range 0%-40%. After controlling for confounding factors, age less than 50 years [odds ratio (or): 1.72; p = 0.01], treatment centre, ER+ status (or: 5.33; p < 0.001), and RT use (or: 1.77; p < 0.001) were significant predictors of et use. No difference in OS or RFS with the use of et was observed. Conclusions In this population-based analysis, 13% of patients with DCIS in British Columbia received et, with variation by treatment centre (8%-23%) and individual oncologist (0%-40%). Age less than 50 years, ER+ status, and RT use were most associated with et use.