A Comprehensive Review of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Epidemiology, Transmission, Risk Factors, and International Responses

被引：17

作者：

Li, Han ^{[1
]}

Burm, Seung Won ^{[2
]}

Hong, Sung Hwi ^{[2
,3
]}

Abou Ghayda, Ramy ^{[3
,4
]}

Kronbichler, Andreas ^{[5
]}

Smith, Lee ^{[6
]}

Koyanagi, Ai ^{[7
,8
]}

Jacob, Louis ^{[7
,9
]}

Lee, Keum Hwa ^{[10
]}

Shin, Jae Il ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL USA

[2] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea

[3] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA USA

[4] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Univ Hosp Syst, Urol Inst, Cleveland, OH USA

[5] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Internal Med Nephrol & Hypertens 4, Innsbruck, Austria

[6] Anglia Ruskin Univ, Cambridge Ctr Sport & Exercise Sci, Cambridge, England

[7] CIBERSAM, Res & Dev Unit, Parc Sanit St Joan Deu, Barcelona, Spain

[8] ICREA, Pg Lluis Co 23, Barcelona, Spain

[9] Univ Versailles St Quentin En Yvelines, Fac Med, Versailles, France

[10] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, 50-1 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea

来源：

YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL | 2021年 / 62卷 / 01期

关键词：

Infectious disease transmission; SARS virus; Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Coronavirus infections; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; SARS; OUTBREAK; COVID-19; INFECTIONS; PERIODS; EVENTS; SPREAD;

D O I：

10.3349/ymj.2021.62.1.1

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a worldwide pandemic. The first reports of patients with COVID-19 were provided to World Health Organization on December 21, 2019 and were presumably associated with seafood markets in Wuhan, China. As of October 25, 2020, more than 42 million cases have been confirmed worldwide, with more than 1.1 million deaths. Asymptomatic transmission contributes significantly to transmission, and clinical features are non-specific to the disease. Thus, the diagnosis of COVID-19 requires specific viral RNA testing. The disease demonstrates extensive human-to-human transmissibility and has infected healthcare workers at high rates. Clinical awareness of the epidemiology and the risk factors for nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 is essential to preventing infection. Moreover, effective control measures should be further identified by comprehensive evaluation of hospital and community responses. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update on the epidemiology, presentation, transmission, risk factors, and public health measures associated with COVID-19. We also review past insights from previous coronavirus epidemics [Le., severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)] to suggest measures to reduce transmission.

引用

页码：1 / 11

页数：11