[1] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
[2] Yale New Haven Med Ctr, Ctr Outcomes Res & Evaluat, New Haven, CT 06504 USA
[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[4] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Sect Cardiac Surg, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[5] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Gen Internal Med Sect, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[6] Yale Univ, Dept Chron Dis Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA
[7] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Robert Wood Johnson Clin Scholars Program, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[8] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Sect Cardiovasc Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[9] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[10] NYU, Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, Dept Internal Med, New York, NY USA
[11] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, New Haven, CT USA