A review of novel biomarkers and imaging techniques for assessing the severity of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Introduction Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a potentially persistent late toxicity of most common anticancer regimens. There is still a huge lack in CIPN assessment in clinical trials; therefore, biomarkers, both neuroimagery and molecular, could fill this gap. Areas covered In this review the first applications of high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are discussed; different molecular biomarkers first report in CIPN are also addressed, broadening the spectrum of potential molecular candidates beyond pharmacogenomics. Expert opinion At the present moment, neuroimaging and biomarkers are not yet part of the clinical practice for CIPN management, but they deserved to be tested since they could be a valuable surrogate endpoint in a clinical trial. To ascertain the appropriateness of (a) potential biomarker(s), it is crucial to design a clinical trial based on sound design and taking advantage of international, multidisciplinary initiatives, such as the Toxic Neuropathy Consortium.