Extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis often present with ambiguous clinical findings. Tuberculous peritonitis is frequent in febrile patients with high-lymphocyte-count ascites. Acid-fast smear of peritoneal fluid is seldom positive and culture only in a minority of cases (approx. 25-50%). Laparoscopy with histological evaluation establishes the diagnosis in most patients (approx. 90%) with tuberculous peritonitis.
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