Laser Technology and Nanotechnology Applying Diffractive Optical Elements

Performing the laser processing of materials implies the importance of producing the desired effect on local regions with a predetermined distribution of the beam-power density. The possibilities of the laser processing of metallic materials applying computer-synthesized diffractive optical elements and the formation of nanostructures are investigated. The application of diffractive optics for laser-beam shaping makes it possible to obtain materials with defined properties after laser heat treatment. Based on the obtained results, the efficiency of laser technologies with an adjustable spatial distribution of the beam power for increasing the hardness and wear resistance of structural elements, as well as the strength of welds, is demonstrated. Methods for controlling the morphology of the synthesized nanostructures by the spatial redistribution of laser radiation are described.