BIOGAS PRODUCED FROM ENERGY PLANTS

Biogas production in agriculture has for long time been linking almost exclusively with the use of manure and slurry (is "raw material" far the production of biogas. However, in biogas plants can be energy-use all types of organic matter that may arise in the farm (from slurry and manure to fully substrate plant - corn, grass - eg. sudanese, clover, fodder beet, sunflower, etc.), which is delivered to fermentor in either fresh or as silage, to so-called external co-substrates arising front the food industry (biowastes processing of the fruit juices, beer, milk etc.) and residues of food (swill from large kitchens. restaurants etc.) and even the residue of green cut (cut grass ...). Decommissioning of the fermenting mass and the quantity of biogas produced per unit of substrate depend on the tape of substrate and its components. For this purpose the digestor was built, with which the measured the quantity of produced biogas from different substrates in different conditions (mesophilic.,thermophilic). The production of biogas front energy crops has been carried out in accordance with DIN 38414, in the mesophilic range (35 C). Productions of biogas was measured daily and at the same time determines the composition of biogas (CH(4), CO(2) and O(2)) with gas detector GA 45 Geotechnical Instruments. In the experiment we capture more energy crops: amaranth (Amaranthus sp.), sorghum (Sorghum halapense), maize (Zea mays), jerusalem arthicoke (Helianthus tuberosus) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The maximum content of biogas we have set, for the sunflower 335 NL / kg VS, followed by corn 327 NL / kg VS, sorghum with 312 NL / kg VS, jerusalem arthicoke with 224 NL / kg VS and amaranth with 197 NL / kg VS. The average methane content in biogas was 51,8-62.8% and carbon dioxide 32,4 40,0%. For all determinations the ox _ygen content ryas under- I %n that indicates that the fermentation was anaerobic. Results of tests have shown the most suitable energy plant sunflower and maize with the highest content of methane, meanwhile in the future other alternative energy plants have to be tested (clover, Sudan grass, etc.).