The biology of vascular calcification

被引:43
作者
Quaglino, Daniela [1 ]
Boraldi, Federica [1 ]
Lofaro, Francesco Demetrio [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Life Sci, Modena, Italy
关键词
SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; MATRIX GLA-PROTEIN; GENERALIZED ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NONSPECIFIC ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE MINERALIZATION; ELASTIN DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; K-DEPENDENT CARBOXYLATION;
D O I
10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.02.007
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Vascular calcification (VC), characterized by different mineral deposits (i.e., carbonate apatite, whitlockite and hydroxyapatite) accumulating in blood vessels and valves, represents a relevant pathological process for the aging population and a life-threatening complication in acquired and in genetic diseases. Similarly to bone remodeling, VC is an actively regulated process in which many cells and molecules play a pivotal role. This review aims at: (i) describing the role of resident and circulating cells, of the extracellular environment and of positive and negative factors in driving the mineralization process; (ii) detailing the types of VC (i.e., intimal, medial and cardiac valve calcification); (iii) analyzing rare genetic diseases underlining the importance of altered pyrophosphate-dependent regulatory mechanisms; (iv) providing therapeutic options and perspectives.
引用
收藏
页码:261 / 353
页数:93
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