Novel techniques for constraining neutron-capture rates relevant for r-process heavy-element nucleosynthesis

被引：56

作者：

Larsen, A. C. ^{[1
]}

Spyrou, A. ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

Liddick, S. N. ^{[2
,5
]}

Guttormsen, M. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway

[2] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[3] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[4] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[5] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

来源：

PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS | 2019年 / 107卷

基金：

欧洲研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

r process; (n; gamma) cross sections; Level density; gamma-ray strength function; Experimental techniques; NUCLEAR-LEVEL-DENSITY; PHOTONEUTRON CROSS-SECTIONS; PYGMY QUADRUPOLE-RESONANCE; STAR MERGERS; GALACTIC EVOLUTION; STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; STATISTICAL-MODEL; DIPOLE RESONANCE; EXCITATION MODE; DETECTOR ARRAY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.04.002

中图分类号：

O57 [原子核物理学、高能物理学];

学科分类号：

070202 ;

摘要：

The rapid-neutron capture process (r process) is identified as the producer of about 50% of elements heavier than iron. This process requires an astrophysical environment with an extremely high neutron flux over a short amount of time (similar to seconds), creating very neutron-rich nuclei that are subsequently transformed to stable nuclei via beta(-) decay. In 2017, one site for the r process was confirmed: the advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo detectors observed two neutron stars merging, and immediate follow-up measurements of the electromagnetic transients demonstrated an "afterglow" over a broad range of frequencies fully consistent with the expected signal of an r process taking place. Although neutron-star mergers are now known to be r-process element factories, contributions from other sites are still possible, and a comprehensive understanding and description of the r process is still lacking. One key ingredient to large-scale r-process reaction networks is radiative neutron-capture (n, gamma) rates, for which there exist virtually no data for extremely neutron-rich nuclei involved in the r process. Due to the current status of nuclear-reaction theory and our poor understanding of basic nuclear properties such as level densities and average gamma-decay strengths, theoretically estimated (n, gamma) rates may vary by orders of magnitude and represent a major source of uncertainty in any nuclear reaction network calculation of r-process abundances. In this review, we discuss new approaches to provide information on neutron-capture cross sections and reaction rates relevant to the r process. In particular, we focus on indirect, experimental techniques to measure radiative neutron-capture rates. While direct measurements are not available at present, but could possibly be realized in the future, the indirect approaches present a first step towards constraining neutron-capture rates of importance to the r process. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：69 / 108

页数：40

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