Behavioral and neural correlates of increased self-control in the absence of increased willpower

被引：35

作者：

Magen, Eran ^{[1
]}

Kim, Bokyung ^{[2
]}

Dweck, Carol S. ^{[2
]}

Gross, James J. ^{[2
]}

McClure, Samuel M. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Penn, Dept Counseling & Psychol Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 2014年 / 111卷 / 27期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

temporal discounting; judgment and decision-making; neuroeconomics; reward reframing; QUERY-THEORY ACCOUNT; DECISION-MAKING; INTERTEMPORAL CHOICE; MECHANISMS; INSIGHTS; SYSTEMS;

D O I：

10.1073/pnas.1408991111

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

People often exert willpower to choose a more valuable delayed reward over a less valuable immediate reward, but using willpower is taxing and frequently fails. In this research, we demonstrate the ability to enhance self-control (i.e., forgoing smaller immediate rewards in favor of larger delayed rewards) without exerting additional willpower. Using behavioral and neuroimaging data, we show that a reframing of rewards (i) reduced the subjective value of smaller immediate rewards relative to larger delayed rewards, (ii) increased the likelihood of choosing the larger delayed rewards when choosing between two real monetary rewards, (iii) reduced the brain reward responses to immediate rewards in the dorsal and ventral striatum, and (iv) reduced brain activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (a correlate of willpower) when participants chose the same larger later rewards across the two choice frames. We conclude that reframing can promote self-control while avoiding the need for additional willpower expenditure.

引用

页码：9786 / 9791

页数：6