New pharmaceutical approaches to the treatment of multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). The causes of the disease remain unknown, despite extensive research, but perivenous demyelinating lesions which generate distinct inflammatory demyelinated plaques within the white matter appear to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of MS. The aim of this review was to explore the current pharmaceutical data and research progress in the treatment of MS. The mechanism of action, the route of administration and the potential side effects of medicines currently used in MS are presented. The newer therapeutic molecules, which are at present undergoing clinical trial, are described. Of great interest are studies currently under way to address the progress and the symptoms of MS. Symptomatic treatment may make an effective contribution to improvement of the quality of life of patients with MS.