Welding Penetration Research on the Effect of Various Welding Torch Tilt Angles in All-Position Metal Active Gas Arc Welding

An all-position welding experimental platform for pipelines was conducted, and metal active gas arc welding (MAG) was used to study the effect of various welding torch tilt angles on the welding quality. Under the same MAG welding parameters, the single-factor experimental method was adopted, and different welding torch tilt angles were selected in the welding experiment based on a grade X80 pipeline. In this study, a double ellipsoid heat source model was built, considering different welding torch tilt angles. Based on the model, the effect of various welding torch tilt angles on the depth and width of the molten pool was investigated in the welding process. The experimental results show that the forward-tilt welding torch had a wider and shallower molten pool compared to the welding torch with backward tilt and perpendicular postures. The research results suggest that appropriate welding torch tilt angles should be adopted according to the welding technology selected in all-position welding for pipelines, which has important guiding significance for getting better quality weld beads, reducing welding defects, and improving the weldig technology.