Generation Expansion Planning Considering Storage Systems and Inertia Constraints

Inertia issues due to the increased use of inertia-less renewable generation technologies (RGTs), such as photovoltaic and wind generation have gained increased attention during the last years. Their negative effects on frequency stability have already been experienced in some countries. To prevent these situations and ensure a secure integration of RGTs, apart from the natural inertial response of synchronous generators, there are basically two ways to improve the inertial response of a power system: by means of energy storage systems and by implementing virtual inertial response in RGTs through de-loaded operation. In this work, a modified swing equation is implemented in a 100% renewable generation expansion planning tool to demonstrate the importance of considering inertial constraints in the planning of future power systems. Our findings underline the necessity of taking into account the lack of inertia due to the increment of RGT's in the system and the necessity of storage investment due the lack of primary resource in some operating points to fulfill the demand requirement.