A placebo controlled trial of bupropion for smoking cessation in schizophrenia

被引:214
作者
George, TP
Vessicchio, JC
Termine, A
Bregartner, TA
Feingold, A
Rounsaville, BJ
Kosten, TR
机构
[1] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat,Div Subst Abuse, Subst Abuse Ctr,Connecticut Mental Hlth Ctr, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
[2] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Program Res Smokers Mental Illness, New Haven, CT USA
关键词
bupropion; nicotine dependence; smoking cessation; placebo-controlled trial; schizophrenia; atypical antipsychotic drugs; negative symptoms;
D O I
10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01339-2
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Background: Schizophrenic patients have high rates of cigarette smoking compared with the general population. We compared sustained-release (SR) bupropion with placebo for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenic disorders. We also examined how antipsychotic class predicts smoking cessation outcomes with bupropion. Methods: Thirty-two subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and nicotine dependence were randomized to bupropion SR (BUP, 300 mg/day) or placebo (PLA). Outcomes included treatment retention, smoking abstinence rates, expired breath carbon monoxide (CO) levels, psychotic symptoms, and medication side effects. Results: Bupropion significantly increased trial endpoint 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence rates compared with placebo [BUP, 8116 (50.0%), PLA, 2116 (12.5%); chi(2) = 5.24, df = 1, p < .05], and reduced CO levels during the trial [Medication X Time interaction; Z = 3.09, p < .01]. Positive schizophrenia symptoms were not altered by BUP, but negative symptoms were significantly reduced. Atypical antipsychotic drug treatment enhanced smoking cessation responses to BUP. Major side effects were dry mouth, gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, and insomnia. Conclusions: Our results suggest that 1) BUP enhances smoking abstinence rates compared with PLA in nicotine-dependent schizophrenic smokers; 2) BUP is well-tolerated and safe for use in these patients; and 3) atypical antipsychotics mail enhance smoking cessation outcomes with BUP.
引用
收藏
页码:53 / 61
页数:9
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