It was investigated that the extended oxygen delignification of Acacia kraft pulp with alkali split addition. The oxygen delignification by O, OO, OOO, and OOOO stage with alkali split addtion were analyzed respectively. The results were shown that the oxygen delignification with alkali split addition could be improved. The lignin contents of fiber surface were 26% for original pulp, 21.64% for 1 stage, 18.46% for 2 stages, 15.64% for 3 stages, and 14.38% for 4 stages oxygen delignification respectively. Oxygen delignification resulted in a more efficient delignification of the cell wall layer than that of the fiber Surface by XPS analysis, and oxygen delignification was happaned in the amorphous regions, and caused the increasing of crystallinity of oxygen delignified pulp.