Age differences in dispositional optimism: a cross-cultural study

被引：53

作者：

You, Jin ^{[1
]}

Fung, Helene H. L. ^{[1
]}

Isaacowitz, Derek M. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Chung Chi Coll, Dept Psychol, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

[2] Brandeis Univ, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA USA

来源：

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGEING | 2009年 / 6卷 / 04期

关键词：

Ageing processes; Cultural context; Dispositional optimism; HONG-KONG; MAINLAND CHINESE; PESSIMISM; HEALTH; SELF; PREDICTORS; TIME;

D O I：

10.1007/s10433-009-0130-z

中图分类号：

R4 [临床医学]; R592 [老年病学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100203 ; 100602 ;

摘要：

Testing the hypothesis that individuals develop their personal characteristics according to what their cultures emphasize, this cross-sectional study aimed at investigating how dispositional optimism varied with age among Americans and Hong Kong Chinese. The sample included 84 younger adults and 55 older adults that were equally distributed across the two cultures. Results revealed that older Americans displayed a higher level of dispositional optimism than did younger Americans; whereas older Chinese showed a lower level of dispositional optimism than did their younger counterparts. Findings shed light on the mixed findings on age-related dispositional optimism in the literature.

引用

页码：247 / 252

页数：6

共 35 条

[1]

Baltes P.B., 2006, HDB CHILD PSYCHOL, V1, P569, DOI [DOI 10.1002/9780470147658.CHPSY0111, 10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0111]

[2] The influence of a sense of time on human development [J].

Carstensen, Laura L. .

SCIENCE, 2006, 312 (5782) :1913-1915

[3]

Carstensen LL, 1999, AM PSYCHOL, V54, P165

[4] Cultural variations in optimistic and pessimistic bias: Do easterners really expect the worst and westerners really expect the best when predicting future life events? [J].

Chang, EC ;

Asakawa, K ;

Sanna, LJ .

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2001, 81 (03) :476-491

[5] Cultural differences in optimism, pessimism, and coping: Predictors of subsequent adjustment in Asian American and Caucasian American college students [J].

Chang, EC .

JOURNAL OF COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY, 1996, 43 (01) :113-123

[6]

Chapin J., 2001, N AM J PSYCHOL, V3, P253

[7] Optimism and pessimism as predictors of physical and psychological health among grandmothers raising their grandchildren [J].

Conway, Francine ;

Magai, Carol ;

Springer, Carolyn ;

Jones, Samuel C. .

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY, 2008, 42 (05) :1352-1357

[8] Childhood roots of women's subjective well-being - The role of optimism [J].

Daukantaite, D ;

Bergman, LR .

EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST, 2005, 10 (04) :287-297

[9] Cultural variations in hopelessness, optimism, and suicidal ideation: A study of Ghana and US college samples [J].

Eshun, S .

CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH, 1999, 33 (03) :227-238

[10] Is optimism universal? A meta-analytical investigation of optimism levels across 22 nations [J].

Fischer, Ronald ;

Chalmers, Anna .

PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, 2008, 45 (05) :378-382

← 1 2 3 4 →