The diffusion of maize to the southwestern United States and its impact

被引：104

作者：

Merrill, William L. ^{[2
]}

Hard, Robert J. ^{[1
]}

Mabry, Jonathan B. ^{[3
]}

Fritz, Gayle J. ^{[4
]}

Adams, Karen R. ^{[5
]}

Roney, John R. ^{[6
]}

MacWilliams, A. C. ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Anthropol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA

[2] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[3] City Tucson, Hist Preservat Off, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA

[4] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[5] Crow Canyon Archaeol Ctr, Cortez, CO 81321 USA

[6] Colinas Cultural Resource Consulting, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA

[7] Univ Calgary, Dept Archaeol, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 2009年 / 106卷 / 50期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 美国人文基金会;

关键词：

early agriculture; migration; US Southwest; Mesoamerica; Uto-Aztecan; LATE QUATERNARY LACUSTRINE; LATE PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE; UTO-AZTECAN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE; NORTHERN CHIHUAHUA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; MEXICO; DESERT; PREHISTORY;

D O I：

10.1073/pnas.0906075106

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Our understanding of the initial period of agriculture in the southwestern United States has been transformed by recent discoveries that establish the presence of maize there by 2100 cal. B. C. (calibrated calendrical years before the Christian era) and document the processes by which it was integrated into local foraging economies. Here we review archaeological, paleoecological, linguistic, and genetic data to evaluate the hypothesis that Proto-Uto-Aztecan (PUA) farmers migrating from a homeland in Mesoamerica introduced maize agriculture to the region. We conclude that this hypothesis is untenable and that the available data indicate instead a Great Basin homeland for the PUA, the breakup of this speech community into northern and southern divisions approximate to 6900 cal. B. C. and the dispersal of maize agriculture from Mesoamerica to the US Southwest via group-to-group diffusion across a Southern Uto-Aztecan linguistic continuum.

引用

页码：21019 / 21026

页数：8

共 131 条

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