Political identification, animosity, and consequences on tourist attitudes and behaviours

Following two decades of research into the effects of animosity on co nsumer behaviour, the phenomenon caught the attention of tourism and hospitality scholars. The objective of the present research is to explore a comprehensive model applicable to the tourism and hospitality literature. The study differs from previous research by investigating unexplored relationships between animosity, political identification, and outcome variables critical to tourism and hospitality management (risk perception, willingness to pay for accommodations, and tourist activity). A concurrent mixed method design (QUAN?+?qual) was employed to collect data for the study. 20 semi-structured interviews (Study A) and a questionnaire collected from 330 tourists (Study B) comprise the research design. Findings suggest animosity is a predictor of critical tourism-related behaviours.