High Frequencies of Anti-Host Reactive CD8+ T Cells Ignore Non-Hematopoietic Antigen after Bone Marrow Transplantation in a Murine Model

Background: Graft versus host disease (GvHD) occurs in 20% of cases with patients having an MHC I matched bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Mechanisms causing this disease remain to be studied. Methods: Here we used a CD8(+) T cell transgenic mouse line (P14/CD45.1(+)) and transgenic DEE mice bearing ubiquitously the glycoprotein 33-41 (GP33) antigen derived from the major lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) epitope to study mechanisms of tolerance in anti-host reactive CD8(+) T cells after BMT. Results: We found that anti-host reactive CD8(+) T cells (P14 T cells) were not negatively selected in the thymus and that they were present in wild type (WT) recipient mice as well as in DEE recipient mice. Anti host reactive CD8(+) T cells ignored the GP33 antigen expressed ubiquitously by host cells but they could be activated ex vivo via LCMV-infection. Lipopolysaccha rides (LPS) induced transient cell damage in DEE mice bearing anti-host reactive CD8(+) T cells after BMT, suggesting that induction of host inflammatory response could break antigen ignorance. Introducing the GP33 antigen into BM cells led to deletion of anti-host reactive CD8(+) T cells. Conclusion: We found that after BMT anti-host reactive CD8(+) T cells ignored host antigen in recipients and that they were only deleted when host antigen was present in hematopoietic cells. Moreover, [PS-induced immune activation contributed to induction of alloreactivity of anti-host reactive CD8(+) T cells after BMT. Copyright (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel