Recent developments in preparation of nanofluid for heat transfer enhancement in heat exchangers: A review

Heat exchanger is a key component of many mechanical systems in modern industry. To enhance the rate of heat transfer, a new kind of fluid called nano-fluid is extensively used in heat exchangers. When nano meter sized particles of metal or metal oxides are dispersed in the base fluid then this type of fluid is called nanofluid. Due to the thermo-physical properties and heat transfer performance, nanofluids are highly demanded in modern industry. In this review paper, different thermo physical properties of nanofluids, synthesis of nanoparticles and preparation of nanofluid is discussed. In addition to that latest research articles for improving the heat transfer efficiency by using nanofluids are reviewed while the experimental and theoretical methods which were discussed in literatures are summarized in this article including the variation of thermal properties of different nanofluids for different flow conditions. At last, this review paper summarizes the recent research and developments in the field of heat exchanger by using nanofluids and preperation of nanofluid to guide anyone who is concerned to the topic and information to select nanofluids based on their required application. ? 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Materials, Processing & Characterization.