A systematic review on recent progress in advanced joining techniques of the lightweight materials

We are living in a time where the emphasis is given on the development of new and improved materials having high strength and are correspondingly light in weight for application in fields such as transportation, aerospace, medical and other such related areas. These new materials developed need to be processed and joined with oneself and other materials as well. The paper presents a brief understanding of the advanced joining processes namely friction stir welding, microwave hybrid heating, electron beam welding, laser beam welding, thermo-hydrogenated diffusion bonding, electromagnetic welding and ultra sonic welding. The purpose of these advanced joining techniques is to increase the efficiency of the joining process and prevent failure. The objective of this review paper is to provide an insight into the principles, current trends and research gaps in advanced joining techniques.