Global epidemiology of NAFLD-related HCC: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

被引:1142
作者
Huang, Daniel Q. [1 ,2 ]
El-Serag, Hashem B. [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Loomba, Rohit [7 ,8 ]
机构
[1] Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Med, Singapore, Singapore
[2] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Med, Singapore, Singapore
[3] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[4] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX USA
[5] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Ctr Innovat Qual Effectiveness & Safety IQuESt, Houston, TX USA
[6] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[7] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
[8] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Gastroenterol, NAFLD Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; C HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUG-USE; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; JAPANESE PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; CLINICAL-PATTERNS; NATURAL-HISTORY; TEMPORAL TRENDS; HEPATITIS-B;
D O I
10.1038/s41575-020-00381-6
中图分类号
R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is projected to continue to increase worldwide. In this Review, Huang, El-Serag and Loomba discuss the global epidemiology and risk factors for NAFLD-related HCC, and propose strategies to tackle this problem. One quarter of the global population is estimated to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is projected to increase by up to 56% in the next 10 years. NAFLD is already the fastest growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the USA, France and the UK. Globally, the prevalence of NAFLD-related HCC is likely to increase concomitantly with the growing obesity epidemic. The estimated annual incidence of HCC ranges from 0.5% to 2.6% among patients with NASH cirrhosis. The incidence of HCC among patients with non-cirrhotic NAFLD is lower, approximately 0.1 to 1.3 per 1,000 patient-years. Although the incidence of NAFLD-related HCC is lower than that of HCC of other aetiologies such as hepatitis C, more people have NAFLD than other liver diseases. Urgent measures that increase global awareness and tackle the metabolic risk factors are necessary to reduce the impending burden of NAFLD-related HCC. Emerging evidence indicates that reduced immune surveillance, increased gut inflammation and gut dysbiosis are potential key steps in tumorigenesis. In this Review, we discuss the global epidemiology, projections and risk factors for NAFLD-related HCC, and propose preventive strategies to tackle this growing problem.
引用
收藏
页码:223 / 238
页数:16
相关论文
共 138 条
  • [1] Abdel-Rahman Omar, 2017, J Evid Based Med, V10, P245, DOI 10.1111/jebm.12270
  • [2] The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A population-based cohort study
    Adams, LA
    Lymp, JF
    St Sauver, J
    Sanderson, SO
    Lindor, KD
    Feldstein, A
    Angulo, P
    [J]. GASTROENTEROLOGY, 2005, 129 (01) : 113 - 121
  • [3] The Burden of Primary Liver Cancer and Underlying Etiologies From 1990 to 2015 at the Global, Regional, and National Level Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
    Akinyemiju, Tomi
    Abera, Semaw
    Ahmed, Muktar
    Alam, Noore
    Alemayohu, Mulubirhan Assefa
    Allen, Christine
    Al-Raddadi, Rajaa
    Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
    Amoako, Yaw
    Artaman, Al
    Ayele, Tadesse Awoke
    Barac, Aleksandra
    Bensenor, Isabela
    Berhane, Adugnaw
    Bhutta, Zulfiqar
    Castillo-Rivas, Jacqueline
    Chitheer, Abdulaal
    Choi, Jee-Young
    Cowie, Benjamin
    Dandona, Lalit
    Dandona, Rakhi
    Dey, Subhojit
    Dicker, Daniel
    Phuc, Huyen
    Ekwueme, Donatus U.
    Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed
    Fischer, Florian
    Furst, Thomas
    Hancock, Jamie
    Hay, Simon I.
    Hotez, Peter
    Jee, Sun Ha
    Kasaeian, Amir
    Khader, Yousef
    Khang, Young-Ho
    Kumar, G. Anil
    Kutz, Michael
    Larson, Heidi
    Lopez, Alan
    Lunevicius, Raimundas
    Malekzadeh, Reza
    McAlinden, Colm
    Meier, Toni
    Mendoza, Walter
    Mokdad, Ali
    Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Nguyen, Quyen
    Nguyen, Grant
    Ogbo, Felix
    [J]. JAMA ONCOLOGY, 2017, 3 (12) : 1683 - 1691
  • [4] Risks and clinical predictors of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma diagnoses in adults with diagnosed NAFLD: real-world study of 18 million patients in four European cohorts
    Alexander, Myriam
    Loomis, A. Katrina
    van der Lei, Johan
    Duarte-Salles, Talita
    Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel
    Ansell, David
    Pasqua, Alessandro
    Lapi, Francesco
    Rijnbeek, Peter
    Mosseveld, Mees
    Waterworth, Dawn M.
    Kendrick, Stuart
    Sattar, Naveed
    Alazawi, William
    [J]. BMC MEDICINE, 2019, 17 (1)
  • [5] Real-world data reveal a diagnostic gap in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Alexander, Myriam
    Loomis, A. Katrina
    Fairburn-Beech, Jolyon
    van der Lei, Johan
    Duarte-Salles, Talita
    Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel
    Ansell, David
    Pasqua, Alessandro
    Lapi, Francesco
    Rijnbeek, Peter
    Mosseveld, Mees
    Avillach, Paul
    Egger, Peter
    Kendrick, Stuart
    Waterworth, Dawn M.
    Sattar, Naveed
    Alazawi, William
    [J]. BMC MEDICINE, 2018, 16
  • [6] Clinical Presentation, Risk Factors, and Treatment Modalities of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience
    Aljumah, Abdulrahman A.
    Kuriry, Hadi
    AlZunaitan, Mohammed
    Al Ghobain, Mohammed
    Al Muaikeel, Mohamed
    Al Olayan, Ashwaq
    Azzumeea, Fahad
    Almutairi, Bader
    AlAlwan, Abduljaleel
    AlGhamdi, Hamdan
    [J]. GASTROENTEROLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, 2016, 2016
  • [7] Amarapurkar D, 2013, GASTROENTEROLOGY, V144, pS1037
  • [8] [Anonymous], 2012, REGEN MED S3, V7, pS14, DOI DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0029849
  • [9] The Incidence and Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
    Ascha, Mustafa S.
    Hanouneh, Ibrahim A.
    Lopez, Rocio
    Tamimi, Tarek Abu-Rajab
    Feldstein, Ariel F.
    Zein, Nizar N.
    [J]. HEPATOLOGY, 2010, 51 (06) : 1972 - 1978
  • [10] Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An emerging menace
    Baffy, Gyoergy
    Brunt, Elizabeth M.
    Caldwell, Stephen H.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, 2012, 56 (06) : 1384 - 1391