We have proposed that L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. We examined L-DOPA uptake sites in rat brain slices using radiolabelled L-DOPA In the autoradiography with L-[C-14]-DOPA, the uptake activities were seen in cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus, and these labeling were inhibited by cold L-DOPA or L-phenylalanine, but not by dopamine. In microautoradiography with L-[H-3]DOPA, we found that a high silver grain density in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla oblongata and cerebellum, but low in the striatum. Under Nat-free condition, density of grains in hippocampus was significantly reduced. These data suggest that there exist some neural cells which uptake L-DOPA in a Na+-dependent manner in the CNS.