Low Power FSK Transceiver using ADPLL with direct modulation and integrated SPDT for BLE Application

This paper presents a low power FSK transceiver with ADPLL based on direct modulation and integrated SPDT switch for Bluetooth low energy application. To ensure that the proposed low power transceiver can operate at 1 Mbps data rate, FSK modulation is implemented using an all-digital phase locked-loop with direct modulation technique. The SPDT switch is integrated to share the antenna and matching network between the transmitter and receiver, thus minimizing the system cost by reducing external components. The transceiver is implemented using 1P6M 55-nm CMOS technology. The die area of the transceiver with DC-DC converter is 1.79 mm(2). The power consumption of the transmitter and receiver are 6 and 5 mW, respectively, when the output power level of the transmitter is 0 dBm. The noise figure of Rx is up to 6.8 dB with respect to channel frequencies. The phase noise of the ADPLL is -84.7 and -118.9 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset from 2.44 GHz, respectively.