Retinal ganglion cell apoptotic pathway in glaucoma: initiating and downstream mechanisms

被引：71
作者：
Levkovitch-Verbin, Hani [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Goldschleger Eye Inst, Glaucoma Serv, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel
[2] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel
来源：
NEW TRENDS IN BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH OF GLAUCOMA: A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM, PT A | 2015年 / 220卷
关键词：
Retinal ganglion cells; Optic nerve; Glaucoma; Apoptosis; Signal transduction; MAP kinase; Bcl-2; Caspase; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; OPTIC-NERVE TRANSECTION; NORMAL-TENSION GLAUCOMA; ELEVATED INTRAOCULAR-PRESSURE; AXOTOMY-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION CHANGES; PHOSPHORYLATED C-JUN; INJURY-INDUCED DEATH; OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR;
D O I：
10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.05.005
中图分类号：
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号：
1001 ;
摘要：
Apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma causes progressive visual field loss, making it the primary cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Elevated intraocular pressure and aging, the main risk factors for glaucoma, accelerate RGC apoptosis. Numerous pathways and mechanisms were found to be involved in RGC death in glaucoma. Neurotrophic factors deprivation is an early event. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, glial cell dysfunction, and activation of apoptotic pathways and prosurvival pathways play a significant role in RGC death in glaucoma. The most important among the involved pathways are the MAP-kinase pathway, PI-3 kinase/Akt pathway, Bcl-2 family, caspase family, and IAP family.
引用
收藏
页码：37 / 57
页数：21
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