Space laser communication has attracted closely attention to the improvement in laser technology and communication now. Space laser communication technology is comprehensive and covers many fields. The emitting and receiving of optical signals between satellites and ATP (acquiring, tracking, pointing) of target-signals between satellites or space stations are the crucial techniques in space laser communication. It's necessary to analyze the influencing on the bit error rate from space transmission environment and other factors when discussing some problems in technique scheme of space laser communication. This paper discusses the space laser communication system in which semiconductor laser acts as light source and photoelectric sensor acts as receiver. The chief factors influencing the bit error rate in space laser communication such as the posture of satellite, vibration, the degradation of optical energy, background light and the corresponding solvent are analyzed.
