Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthesis and Translational Quality Control

被引：290

作者：

Ling, Jiqiang ^{[1
]}

Reynolds, Noah ^{[2
,3
]}

Ibba, Michael ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Ohio State Univ, Ohio State Biochem Program, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[2] Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[3] Ohio State Univ, Ctr RNA Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

来源：

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY | 2009年 / 63卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

amino acid; editing; protein synthesis; translation; I TRANSFER-RNA; ISOLEUCYL-TRANSFER-RNA; ELONGATION-FACTOR TU; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE YBAK; SYNTHETASE INSERTION DOMAIN; MISACYLATED TRANSFER-RNA; MISCHARGED TRANSFER-RNA; GENETIC-CODE AMBIGUITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EDITING DOMAIN;

D O I：

10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073210

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

Translating the 4-letter code of RNA into the 22-letter alphabet of proteins is a central feature of cellular life. The fidelity with which mRNA is translated during protein synthesis is determined by two factors: the availability of aminoacyl-tRNAs composed of cognate amino acid:tRNA pairs and the accurate selection of aminoacyl-tRNAs on the ribosome. The role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in translation is to define the genetic code by accurately pairing cognate tRNAs with their corresponding amino acids. Synthetases achieve the amine, acid substrate specificity necessary to keep errors in translation to an acceptable level in two ways: preferential binding of the cognate amino acid and selective editing of near-cognate amino acids. Editing significantly decreases the frequency of errors and is important for translational quality control, and many details of the various editing mechanisms and their effect on different cellular systems are now starting to emerge.

引用

页码：61 / 78

页数：18

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