Transit-oriented development and gentrification along Metro Vancouver's low-income SkyTrain corridor

被引:60
|
作者
Jones, Craig E. [1 ]
Ley, David [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
来源
CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER-GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN | 2016年 / 60卷 / 01期
关键词
transit-oriented development; suburban gentrification; affordable rental apartments; refugees; Burnaby; amenagement centre sur les transports en commun; gentrification de banlieue; appartements locatifs abordables; refugies; LIGHT RAIL; RECENT IMMIGRANTS; HOUSING PRICES; IMPACT; CANADA; STATIONS; VALUES;
D O I
10.1111/cag.12256
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学]; K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
We examine the incipient gentrification of a low-income corridor that follows the alignment of the SkyTrain rapid transit route through Vancouver and its suburbs. The corridor contains concentrations of aging, private, low-rise apartments built through welfare state programs 40-50 years ago that have become the affordable homes of poorer residents, including recent refugees and immigrants. Focus groups in suburban Burnaby confirm that these neighbourhoods are highly valued by residents, because they are close to family services and SkyTrain stations. But transit proximity is also bringing transformation through a regional sustainability policy of transit-oriented development (TOD), permitting the construction of high-density condominium towers around stations. In Burnaby redevelopment is being accelerated by the upzoning policy of the NDP-led municipal council, removing planning protection from the apartments. The council argues that in light of cost downloading by senior government there is no alternative to such gentrification. Comparable affordable housing stock from the welfare state era is under threat across Canada as subsidies expire and the fabric ages; with local variations this Burnaby story is a national story. The paper contributes to critical assessment of TOD and state-aided gentrification, demonstrating how environmental aspirations can exclude social justice from the policy register. L'amenagement centre sur le transport en commun et la gentrification de l'axe defavorise aux abords du SkyTrain de la region metropolitaine de VancouverCet article porte sur la gentrification recente dans l'axe de faible revenu le long de la ligne du reseau de transport express SkyTrain qui traverse Vancouver et sa peripherie. L'axe concentre des edifices anciens, prives, de faible hauteur et realises grace a des programmes crees il y a 40 ou 50 ans par l'etat providence. Ces edifices fournissent aujourd'hui des logements abordables pour les residents demunis, y compris les nouveaux refugies et immigrants. Des groupes de discussion tenus dans la ville de banlieue de Burnaby indiquent que ces quartiers sont tres apprecies par les residents, etant donne leur proximite aux services offerts aux familles ainsi qu'aux gares du SkyTrain. Cette proximite au transport en commun a engendre une politique regionale visant l'amenagement durable centre sur le transport en commun et aboutit a des changements qui autorisent la construction d'immeubles en copropriete de haute densite autour des gares. Burnaby, le reamenagement a ete soutenu par une politique de revalorisation du zonage cautionnee par le conseil municipal dirige par le NPD, faisant ainsi disparaitre les mesures de protection s'appliquant aux appartements. Le conseil fait valoir que considerant le fait que les autorites superieures du gouvernement leur ont refile la facture, la gentrification est la seule option possible. Aux quatre coins du Canada, d'autres parcs de logements abordables datant de l'epoque de l'etat providence sont egalement menaces par le retrait des subventions et le vieillissement du parc immobilier. Bien qu'il existe quelques particularites locales propres a Burnaby, cette histoire a pris une ampleur nationale. Cet article ajoute aux evaluations critiques portant sur la gentrification appuyee par l'amenagement centre sur les transports en commun et par le gouvernement. Il met en evidence comment les demarches favorables a l'environnement peuvent exclure la justice sociale de l'agenda politique.
引用
收藏
页码:9 / 22
页数:14
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