Filtered gradient reconstruction algorithm for compressive spectral imaging

Compressive sensing matrices are traditionally based on random Gaussian and Bernoulli entries. Nevertheless, they are subject to physical constraints, and their structure unusually follows a dense matrix distribution, such as the case of the matrix related to compressive spectral imaging (CSI). The CSI matrix represents the integration of coded and shifted versions of the spectral bands. A spectral image can be recovered from CSI measurements by using iterative algorithms for linear inverse problems that minimize an objective function including a quadratic error term combined with a sparsity regularization term. However, current algorithms are slow because they do not exploit the structure and sparse characteristics of the CSI matrices. A gradient-based CSI reconstruction algorithm, which introduces a filtering step in each iteration of a conventional CSI reconstruction algorithm that yields improved image quality, is proposed. Motivated by the structure of the CSI matrix, Phi, this algorithm modifies the iterative solution such that it is forced to converge to a filtered version of the residual Phi(T)(y), where y is the compressive measurement vector. We show that the filtered-based algorithm converges to better quality performance results than the unfiltered version. Simulation results highlight the relative performance gain over the existing iterative algorithms. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)