Characterization and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stern Cells and Stem Cells from Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

Dental pulp stem cells from permanent (DPSC) and deciduous teeth (Stein Cells from Human &foliated Deciduous Teeth; SHED) are adult mesenchymal stem cells that are easily available for cellular therapy. Isolation of these cells acquired less invasive approached. The characterization and osteogenic differentiation potential of the DPSC and SHED are important in manipulating these cells for regenerative medicine purpose. This study aims to characterize and determine the osteogenic potential of adult stern cells isolated from the permanent and deciduous dental pulp tissues. Dental pulp was extracted from human permanent and deciduous teeth using an enzymatic digestion method and cells were cultured until passage 3. Cell morphology was determined with CellB software. The proliferation rate of DPSC and SHED were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (miT) assay. Meanwhile, the osteoblast differentiation potential of DPSC and SHED were determined by biochemical analysis. Both types of cells exhibited fibroblast-like morphology at passage 3. The proliferation rate of SHED was significantly higher (p<0.05) than DPSC. This study also showed that the osteoblast differentiation using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was significantly higher (p<0.0.5) in SHED compared to DPSC. In conclusion, both cells are capable of proliferating and differentiating into osteoblast where SHED showed higher proliferating rate and osteogenic potential as compared to DPSC.