Formation and crystallization of low-density amorphous ice

被引：10

作者：

Cao, H. S. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Thermal Sci & Power Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

[2] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing Key Lab Utilizat & Reduct Technol CO2, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

来源：

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS | 2021年 / 54卷 / 20期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金; 北京市自然科学基金;

关键词：

amorphous ice; crystallization; phase transformation; classical nucleation theory;

D O I：

10.1088/1361-6463/abe330

中图分类号：

O59 [应用物理学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Low-density amorphous ice (LDA) is of paramount importance not only for fields such as astronomy, meteorology and biology from a scientific point of view, but also for technological applications like cryo-scanning electron microscopy and electron-beam lithography utilizing ice resists. Recent advances in LDA have been reviewed, focusing on its formation and crystallization processes. The specific aspects of this review include: (a) the LDA formation methods and the corresponding required conditions, (b) the measurement principles of the density, thermal conductivity and the growth rate of LDA, (c) the monitoring of the phase transformation, (d) the transformation kinetics of LDA to crystalline ice. Finally, open questions as well as future challenges relating to LDA are discussed.

引用

页数：13

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